Color-comparator.



C. M. RlKER.

COLOR COMPARATOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 15. 1915.

Patented Sept. 19, 1916.

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C. M. BIKER.

COLOR COMPARATOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 15, I915- 1,198,770 PatentedSept. 19,1916.

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UNITED sTATEs PATENT OFFICE.

CAROLINE M. BIKER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

COLOR-COMPARATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 19, 1916.

Application filed March 15, 1915. Serial no. 14,377.

Comparators, of which the following is a specification. v

p This invention relates to a color comparator by'means of which the primary colors can readily be blended to produce secondaries and intermediates.

One of the main objects of the invention is to provide an educational device by means of which the manner of combining the primary colors to produce the secondary, in-' termediate and tertiary colors may be clearly demonstrated.

Still another object of the invention .is to provide a color comparator in which the primary colors may be shifted to overlap one another thereby to produce said secondary, intermediate and tertiary colors, which primaries have fixed paths of movement which are independent of one another so that the positioning of any one particular primary can readily be detected for return or further movement, if desired.

To these ends, a device has been provided having transparent, or translucent strips of paper, celluloid, or the like, each being stained with one of the primary colors, red, yellow and blue, and which transparent, or translucent strips are so arranged that they may overlap one another. When the strips in such overlapped position are placed between the light and the eye of the observer so that the light may pass through such transparent, or translucent strips, primary, secondary and intermediate colors may be perceived by the observer according to the positioning of the strips relative to one another.

A still further object of the invention is to produce a device that can be manufactured at low cost so as to form a practical article for school children. To this end, a cover is provided comprising two leaves integral with one another which may be'folded together, each having a circular opening-one in alinement with..the other, and between which leaves the transparent or translucent strips are disposed so as to swing around a common center, the transparent or translucent strips being colored and'comprising preferably three groups each group being composed of strips of one of the primary colors, blue, red and yellow respectively, all the strips of one group being of the same color; and the strips of a single group being confined in a definite path of movement, the path of movement of each group being independent ofthe others.

These and other features, capabilities and advantages of the invention will appear from the subjoined detailed description of one specific embodiment thereof illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a plan view of the device showing the several colors displayed at one certain adjustment. Fig. 2 is a fragmental plan view of the same showing the several colors displayed at another adjustment. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the device opened showing the interior of the same. Fig. 4 is a section along the line 4-4 of Fig. 3.

In the present embodiment, there is provided a cover member 1, (Fig. 3) which may be composed of cardboard, or the like, and which is creased alongthe dot and dash line 2 along which the cover member 1 may be folded to form the leaves 3 and 4 which in folded position would lie one against the other. The leaves 3 and 4 are provided with circular openings 5 and 6 respectively concentric and in alinement with one another when the leaves are folded together.

On the leaf 4:, in the present instance, there are secured in fixed position, three fixed transparent, or translucent strips 7, 8 arid 9, preferably composed of glazed paper, celluloid or the like, the strip 7 being colored red, as indicated, the strip 8, blue, and the strip 9, yellow. Each of these strips 7, 8 and 9 have one of their edges lying in a line passing through the center of the opening 6 which edges 10, 11 and 12 respectively are disposed at an angle of sixty degrees to one another so that, since they completely cross the opening 6, they will divide such opening into six equal parts as shown in Fig. 3, in which position, each strip, when the device is displayed to the light, will transmit its own unblended -primary color through one-sixth of the opening 6, and jointly with the other strips will transmit throughtwo other sixths of the opening 6 two of the secondary colors. Thus, the strip 7 will transmit the primary color red through the sector 13, the strip 8 will transmit the primary color blue through the sector 14 and the strip 9 willtransmit the primary color yellow through the Sector to swing on top of the strip 7, there are provided two additional strips 19 and 19' composed of similar transparent, or translucent material which are preferably of an outline conforming to a semi-circle, and of the same color as the strip 7. Similarly, there are provided two additional semi-circular strips 20 and 20 of the same color as, and disposed to swing on, the strip 8, and alsotwo additional semi-circular strips 21 and 21 of the same color as, and disposed to swing on, the strip 9. All of the aforesaid strips are secured or fastened in any suitable manner by an eyelet 22 disposed at the center of the opening 6, such eyelet haring a circular backing 23 of any suitable material for protecting said transparent, or

translucent strips. The strips 19, 20 and 21 have their'circular side preferably struck from a larger radius than the strips 19',

20' and 21', as shown in Fig. 3, and

the strips 19, 20 and 21 are each provided with an extension 24 which is disposed substantially at the middle of the circular outline of such strips and at its end bent transversely thereto to form a finger 25 as shown in Fig. 4, while the strips 19', 20' and 21 are each provided with an extension 26 which is similarly disposed at the middle of the circular outline of such latter strips and at its end bent transversely thereto to form a finger 27 as shown in Fig. 4, the extension 26 being shorter than the extension 2% so that the fingers 27 will not interfere with the fingers 25 in the manipulation and adjustment of the device. The circular pertions of the strips 19, 19', 20, 20, 21 and 21' lap over onto the leaf 4 and swing in the free annular pocket formed between the leaf 4 and the strips 7, 8 and 9 around the edge of the opening 6. It will also be seen from Fig. 3, that the strips 21 and 21' are of less width than the strips 19 and 19' respec tively and the strips 19 and 19' are of less width than the strips 20 and 20' respectively by means of which difierence in sizes, the position of the several strips can easily be detected when the leaves 3 and 4 are opened.

In one convenient way of arranging the fixed strips 7, 8 and 9, the strip 8 is disposed parallel to the outer free edge of the leaf 4, while the strips 7 and 9 lap over such strip. 8 and extend inwardly therefrom toward the line 2 at angles of sixty degrees to such strip 8.

In the position which may be termed the initial position where the strips will produce the. first set of colors, there will be formed six colors, namely, the three primaries, red, yellow and blue, and the three secondaries, green, orange and purple in which position all three strips of like color are so superimposed upon one another that the straight edges of the movable strips will coincide with the edges 10,11 and 12 of the fixed strips, as shown in Fig. 3, in which position those portions of the strips which lap over the opening 6 are indicated as permitting light to pass through them and transmitting the six different colors in the six sectors 13 to 18 inclusive already described, while the remaining portions of the strips are indicated as having the colors of the uppermost exposed surfaces.

When the movable strips are disposed on the fixed strips, as shown in Fig. 3, their manipulating extensions 24 and 26 will be in alinement with one another, the extensions of the strips 20 and 20' respectively being adjacent the middle of the outer edge of the fixed strip 8, the extensions of the strips 21 and 21 being adjacent the middle of the outer free edge of the fixed strip 9, and the extensions of the strips 19 and 19' respectively being adjacent the middle of the outer free edge of the fixed strip 7.

In the leaf 3, there are provided three pairs of arcuate slots concentric with the clrcular opening 5 each pair having an outer short slot 28 and an inner long slot 29, and each pair of slots starting substantially from a line 30 that passes through the center of the opening 5, and extending from such line 30 in the same circular direction so that the other ends of such slots will be staggered with respect to one another. The lines 30 are disposed respectively at an angle of 120 degrees to one another. Furthermore the slots are so spaced from the center of the opening 5, which will coincide with the center of the opening 6 when the leaves 3 and 4 are folded together, that the fingers 25 and 27 will be disposed in the slots 28 and 29 respectively and will be limited in their movement by such slots and the movement of the several movable strips will therewith be limited. .The arrangement furthermore is such that when the fingers 25 and 27 of any set of strips of one color are adjacent to the line 30 of their respective slots 28 and 29, their position will be as indicated in Figs. 1 and 3. By moving all of the fingers 25 and 27 to the other end of the slots 28 and 29, as shown in Fig. 2, they will produce eighteen sectors in. the opening 5. In this arrangement, the same primaries, yellow, blue and going adjacent colors, the formation of.

which are indicated in each of the sectors. Thus 31' 2b would mean that the intermediate produced was formed by the superlmposing of three red strips and two blue strips, in other words, r stands for red, b for blue and y for yellow and the numeral preceding such letters indicates the number of strips superimposed upon one another Since the fingers 25 and 27 PIOJGGt through the slots 28 and 29 when the leaf 3 is closed over the leaf 4, the several strips may be moved to the several posltions by manipulating the fingers extending through such slots.

Although only two arrangements of sectors, color strips and slots have been 1llus trated, it is obvious that by increasing the length of the slots 28 and 29, a greater swinging arc is permitted of the color sec-1 tors whereby the said sectors may overlap one another in thirds, thereby producmg, as previously noted, the tertiary color combinations.

For the sake of simplicity, 1t 1s preferable here to use only the full value of the three primary colors for producing the secondary, intermediate and tertiary colors, but obviously it will be seen from the foregolng that for work requiring a high degree of refinement, the several values of the prlmary colors may be used to advantage.

Any suitable means may be provided for fastening together the two leaves 3 and 4, in the present instance, simple paper fasteners 31 being used for this purpose, one being provided at each of the two free corners of such leaves 3 and 4.

It is obvious that various changes and modifications may be made to the details of construction without departing from the general spirit of the invention.

I claim:

1. A device of the class described comprising a supporting member; transparent or translucent members of various colors extended across said supporting member, each of said members being composed of a single color, and certain of said transparent or translucent members being fixed, and certain other members being movably superposed and mounted on the fixed members so as to variously overlap one another in such manner that when the supporting member is disposed between the light and the eye of the observer, not only the single colors but also the intermediate compound colors between the several single colors may be perceived by the observer.

2. A device of the class described comprising a supporting member having an opening therethrough;transparent or translucent members of various colors extended across said supporting member, each of said colored members being "composed of a single color; and certain of said transparent or translucent members being fixed; the constructionand arrangement being such that the fixed colored members are extended across the supporting member so that one of their edges will pass through the imaginary center of said openin said edges being disposed at an angle su stantially of sixty degrees to one another, and certain other members being movably superposed and mounted on the fixed members so as to variously overlap one another in such manner that when the supporting member is disposed between the light and the eye of the observer, not only the single colors but also the intermediate compounded colors between the several single colors may be perceived by the observer.

3. A device of the class described comprising a cover having two leaves which may be folded against one another, there being alined circular openings in said leaves, transparent. or translucent members of various colors disposed between said leaves and extending across said openings so that when the cover is disposed between the light and the eye of the observer, the various colors may be perceived by the observer.

4. A device of the class described comprising a cover having two leaves which may be folded against one another, there being alined circular openings in said leaves, transparent or translucent members of various colors disposed between said leaves and extending across said openings so that when the cover is disposed between the light and the eye of the observer, the various colors may be perceived by the observer, and means for fastening said leaves to one another.

5. A device of the character described comprising a cover having two leaves which may be folded against one another, there being alined openings in said leaves, fixed transparent or translucent members of various colors secured to one of said leaves extending across said openings, and movable transparent or translucent members pivoted to said fixed members to variously overlap fixed members so that when the cover is disposed between the light and the eye of the observer, not only the single colors but the intermediate compounded colors between the several single colors may be perceived by the observer.

6. A device of the character described comprising a cover having two leaves which may be folded against one another, there being alined openings 1n said leaves; fixed transparent or translucent; members of various colors secured to one of said leaves and extending across said openings, movable like members pivoted to said fixed transparent or translucent members, there being arcuate slots in said leaves; fingers at the outer ends of said movable members extending through said slots whereby said movable members may be shifted to variously overlap one another so that when the cover is disposed between the light and the eye of the observer, not only the single colors but also the intermediate colors between the several single colors may be perceived by the observer.

7. A device of the character described comprising a supporting member having an opening; fixedtransparent or translucent members of various colors secured to said supporting member and extending across said opening; movable transparent or translucent members pivoted to said fixed like members; fingers at the outer edges of said movable members for moving the same so as to variously overlap the fixed members in such manner that when the cover is disposed between the light and the eye of the observer, not only the single colors but also the intermediate colors between the several single colors may be perceived by the observer.

8. A device of the character described comprising a cover having two leaves which may be folded against one another, there being alined openings in said leaves; three fixed transparent or translucent members of various colors secured to one of said leaves and extending across said openings so that one of their edges will pass through the imaginary center of said openings, said edges being disposed at an angle of substantially sixty degrees to one another; and movable transparent or translucent members pivoted at the imaginary center of said openings to said fixed transparent or translucent members; fingers at the outer edges of said movable transparent or translucent members, there being arcuate slots in the other of said leaves through which said fingers project; by means of which the movable members may be shifted to variously overlap one another so that when the cover is disposed between the light and the eye of the observer, not only the single colors but also the intermediate compound colors may be perceived by the observer.

9. A device of the character described comprising a cover forming two leaves which may be folded against one another, there being alined openings in said leaves;

three fixed transparent or translucent members each being colored one of the primary colors and secured to the rear one of said leaves and extending across said openings so that one of their edges will pass through the imaginary center of said openings, said edges being disposed at an angle of substantially sixty degrees to one another so that the openings will be divided into six fixed sectors; movable transparent or translucent members of the same colors as said fixed members, pivoted tosaid fixed members at the center of said openings, the movable members of the same color as a fixed member being initially superimposed on such fixed members; fingers at the outer edges of said movable members, there being arcuate slots in the front one of said leaves through which said fingers project, by means of which the movable members may be shifted to variously overlap one another, so that when the cover is disposed betweenthe light and the eye of the observer, not only the single colors but also the intermediate compound colors may be perceived by the observer.

10. A device of the character described comprising a cover having two leaves which may be folded against one another, there being alined openings in said leaves; three fixed transparent or translucent members each being colored one of the primary colors revolubly secured to the rear one of said leaves, and extending across said openings so that one of the edges of each will pass through the imaginary center of said opening, said edges being disposed at an angle of substantially sixty degrees to one another so that the openings will be divided into six fixed sectors; movable transparent or translucent members pivoted to said fixed members at the center of said openings, there being three pairs of movable members of the same color, each pair being of the same color as one of said fixed members and superimposed on such like-colored fixed member; fingers at the edges of said movable members projecting through arcuate slots in the front one of said leaves by means of which the movable members may be shifted to variously overlap one another, so that when the cover is disposed between the light and the eye of the observer, not only the single colors but also the intermediate compound colors may be perceived by the observer.

11. A device of the character described comprising a cover having two leaves which fixed sectors; movable transparent or translucent members pivoted to said fixed members at the center of said openings, there being three pairs of movable members of the same color, each pair being of the same color as one of said fixed members and superimposed on such like colored fixed member; fingers at the edges of said movable members, projecting through arcuate slots in the front one of said leaves, said arcuate slots bein disposed in three pairs one of each pair ocated nearer the center than the other, all such slots being concentrio with one another, and each pair of slots terminating at one end in one of three'lines that pass through the center of said opening, which lines are disposed at an angle of 120 degrees to one another, all slots extending in the same direction around the imag1- nary center of said openings, the slot of each pair that is nearer the'imaginary center be ing the longer of such pair, so that when the fingers are disposed at that end of the slots which is adjacent to one of the said lines CAROLINE M. BIKER.

Witnesses:

GUSTAV Dnnws, H. D. PENNEY. 

